Output

printf isn't used very much C++. Instead cout and the << operator are typically used.

cout is a global variable defined in iostream that is the output object tied to standard output (normally the terminal).

Formatting the output as with printf is difficult (you have to use manipulators) so we're not going to be concerned with specific formatting in this class.

The general format is

cout << <var1> << <var2> << <var3>;

endl is a special identifier that puts a \n character into the string and forces the flushing of the buffer.

In the following example the even numbers 2 through 18 are printed.

     #include <iostream>
     using namespace std;
     
     int main (int argc, char** argv) {
         cout << "Here are the even numbers\n";
     
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
             int j = 2 * i;
             cout << j << "\n";
         }
     
         cout << endl;
     
         return 0;
     }